Scripture: Matthew 16

Chapter:
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The Pharisees also with the Sadducees came, and tempting desired him that he would shew them a sign from heaven.

He answered and said unto them, When it is evening, ye say, It will be fair weather: for the sky is red.

And in the morning, It will be foul weather to day: for the sky is red and lowring. O ye hypocrites, ye can discern the face of the sky; but can ye not discern the signs of the times?

MATTHEW 16:3

A wicked and adulterous generation seeketh after a sign; and there shall no sign be given unto it, but the sign of the prophet Jonas. And he left them, and departed.

MATTHEW 16:4

And when his disciples were come to the other side, they had forgotten to take bread.

MATTHEW 16:5

Then Jesus said unto them, Take heed and beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and of the Sadducees.

MATTHEW 16:6

And they reasoned among themselves, saying, It is because we have taken no bread.

MATTHEW 16:7

Which when Jesus perceived, he said unto them, O ye of little faith, why reason ye among yourselves, because ye have brought no bread?

MATTHEW 16:8

Do ye not yet understand, neither remember the five loaves of the five thousand, and how many baskets ye took up?

MATTHEW 16:9

Neither the seven loaves of the four thousand, and how many baskets ye took up?

MATTHEW 16:10

How is it that ye do not understand that I spake it not to you concerning bread, that ye should beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and of the Sadducees?

MATTHEW 16:11

Then understood they how that he bade them not beware of the leaven of bread, but of the doctrine of the Pharisees and of the Sadducees.

MATTHEW 16:12

When Jesus came into the coasts of Caesarea Philippi, he asked his disciples, saying, Whom do men say that I the Son of man am?

MATTHEW 16:13

And they said, Some say that thou art John the Baptist: some, Elias; and others, Jeremias, or one of the prophets.

MATTHEW 16:14

He saith unto them, But whom say ye that I am?

MATTHEW 16:15

And Simon Peter answered and said, Thou art the Christ, the Son of the living God.

MATTHEW 16:16

And Jesus answered and said unto him, Blessed art thou, Simon Barjona: for flesh and blood hath not revealed it unto thee, but my Father which is in heaven.

MATTHEW 16:17

And I say also unto thee, That thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.

MATTHEW 16:18

And I will give unto thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven: and whatsoever thou shalt bind on earth shall be bound in heaven: and whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven.

MATTHEW 16:19

Then charged he his disciples that they should tell no man that he was Jesus the Christ.

MATTHEW 16:20

From that time forth began Jesus to shew unto his disciples, how that he must go unto Jerusalem, and suffer many things of the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be killed, and be raised again the third day.

MATTHEW 16:21

Then Peter took him, and began to rebuke him, saying, Be it far from thee, Lord: this shall not be unto thee.

MATTHEW 16:22

But he turned, and said unto Peter, Get thee behind me, Satan: thou art an offence unto me: for thou savourest not the things that be of God, but those that be of men.

MATTHEW 16:23

Then said Jesus unto his disciples, If any man will come after me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross, and follow me.

MATTHEW 16:24

For whosoever will save his life shall lose it: and whosoever will lose his life for my sake shall find it.

MATTHEW 16:25

For what is a man profited, if he shall gain the whole world, and lose his own soul? or what shall a man give in exchange for his soul?

MATTHEW 16:26

For the Son of man shall come in the glory of his Father with his angels; and then he shall reward every man according to his works.

MATTHEW 16:27

Verily I say unto you, There be some standing here, which shall not taste of death, till they see the Son of man coming in his kingdom.

MATTHEW 16:28

Chapter:
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IMPORTANT: All Scripture text has context and background. Scripture should never be read literally or in isolation. Always seek clarification from religious scholars and teachers. In general, Scripture adheres to four principles: (1) Literal Meaning - What the Scripture says (2) Historical Setting - The story events; how the Scripture was understood in its time (3) Grammar - The surrounding sentence and paragraph; textual context (4) Synthesis - A comparison with similar Scripture to give a better contextual understanding

Matthew 16
CHURCH FATHERS: 17

1. Clement of Rome | CHURCH FATHER 97 AD

| Wikipedia: Pope_Clement_I

Matthew was APPROVED (75%) by Clement of Rome
(Citation; approving quotation; alluded to; acceptable with changes)

2. Ignatius of Antioch | CHURCH FATHER 110 AD

| Wikipedia: Ignatius_of_Antioch

Matthew was REJECTED (0%) by Ignatius of Antioch
(No mention; no quotes; opinion unknown)

3. Barnabas | CHURCH FATHER 130 AD

| Wikipedia: Barnabas

Matthew was APPROVED (75%) by Barnabas
(Citation; approving quotation; alluded to; acceptable with changes)

4. Hermas | CHURCH FATHER 140 AD

| Wikipedia: Hermas_(freedman)

Matthew was APPROVED (75%) by Hermas
(Citation; approving quotation; alluded to; acceptable with changes)

5. Papias of Hierapolis | CHURCH FATHER 140 AD

| Wikipedia: Papias_of_Hierapolis

Matthew was REJECTED (0%) by Papias of Hierapolis
(No mention; no quotes; opinion unknown)

6. Polycarp | CHURCH FATHER 150 AD

| Wikipedia: Polycarp

Matthew was APPROVED (75%) by Polycarp
(Citation; approving quotation; alluded to; acceptable with changes)

7. Didache | CHURCH FATHER 150 AD

| Wikipedia: Didache

Matthew was APPROVED (75%) by Didache
(Citation; approving quotation; alluded to; acceptable with changes)

8. Diognetus | CHURCH FATHER 150 AD

| Wikipedia: Epistle_to_Diognetus

Matthew was REJECTED (0%) by Diognetus
(No mention; no quotes; opinion unknown)

9. Justin Martyr | CHURCH FATHER 155 AD

| Wikipedia: Justin_Martyr

Matthew was APPROVED (75%) by Justin Martyr
(Citation; approving quotation; alluded to; acceptable with changes)

10. Irenaeous | CHURCH FATHER 202 AD

| Wikipedia: Irenaeus

Matthew was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Irenaeous
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

11. Clement of Alexandria | CHURCH FATHER 215 AD

| Wikipedia: Clement_of_Alexandria

Matthew was APPROVED (75%) by Clement of Alexandria
(Citation; approving quotation; alluded to; acceptable with changes)

12. Tertullian | CHURCH FATHER 220 AD

| Wikipedia: Tertullian

Matthew was APPROVED (75%) by Tertullian
(Citation; approving quotation; alluded to; acceptable with changes)

13. Origen | CHURCH FATHER 254 AD

| Wikipedia: Origen

Matthew was APPROVED (75%) by Origen
(Citation; approving quotation; alluded to; acceptable with changes)

14. Eusebius of Caesarea | CHURCH FATHER 340 AD

| Wikipedia: Eusebius

Matthew was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Eusebius of Caesarea
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

15. Athanasius of Alexandria | CHURCH FATHER 367 AD

| Wikipedia: Athanasius_of_Alexandria

Matthew was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Athanasius of Alexandria
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

16. Cyril of Jerusalem | CHURCH FATHER 386 AD

| Wikipedia: Cyril_of_Jerusalem

Matthew was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Cyril of Jerusalem
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

17. Augustine of Hippo | CHURCH FATHER 400 AD

| Wikipedia: Augustine of Hippo

Matthew was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Augustine of Hippo
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

Matthew 16
BIBLE CANON: 5

A biblical canon is a set of texts (or "books") which a particular religious community regards as authoritative scripture. Christians were the first to use the term in reference to scripture.

These bible canons have developed through debate and agreement by the religious authorities.

| Wikipedia: Biblical_canon

1. Marcion Canon | BIBLE CANON 140 AD
Marcionism was a religious movement based on the teachings of the 2nd-century Marcion of Sinope. Marcions Canon lists 14 books out of the 27 books in the New Testament. More specifically, these were Luke and Paul's 13 writings. Marcion even rejected the entire Old Testament of 39 books.

bible.ca/marcion

| Wikipedia: Marcion_of_Sinope

Matthew was REJECTED (0%) by Marcion Canon
(No mention; no quotes; opinion unknown)

2. Muratorian Canon | BIBLE CANON 170 AD
The Muratorian Canon is an ancient list of New Testament books - the oldest such list we have found and lists 22 of the 27 books that were later included in the New Testament of the Christian Bible.

It is noteworthy that the Muratorian Canon omits several epistles that later did win acceptance in the Christian New Testament such as the books of James and 2 Peter.

gotquestions.org/muratorian

| Wikipedia: Muratorian_fragment

Matthew was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Muratorian Canon
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

3. Apostolic Canon | BIBLE CANON 300 AD
Apostolic Canons or Ecclesiastical Canons

| Wikipedia: Canons_of_the_Apostles

Matthew was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Apostolic Canon
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

4. Cheltenham/ Mommsen List | BIBLE CANON 360 AD
The Cheltenham or Mommsen List is a Latin manuscript discovered by the German classical scholar Theodor Mommsen (published 1886) which probably originated in North Africa in the 4th century.

It has 24-book Old Testament and 24-book New Testament which omits Jude and James, and perhaps Hebrews, and questions the epistles of John and Peter.

bible-researcher.com/cheltenham

| Wikipedia: Theodor_Mommsen

Matthew was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Cheltenham/ Mommsen List
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

5. Council of Rome | BIBLE CANON 382 AD
The Council of Rome was a meeting of Catholic Church officials and theologians which took place in 382 under the authority of Pope Damasus I, bishop of Rome.

According to a document appended to some manuscripts, the Council of Rome affirmed the authority of the Old and New Testament canon in a decretal or damasine list.

| Wikipedia: Council_of_Rome

Matthew was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Council of Rome
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

Matthew 16
TEXTUAL CRITICISM

Bible Translations: Missing/Disputed Verse

Howbeit this kind goeth not out but by prayer and fasting

MATTHEW 17:21

KJV - King James Bible Displayed as above
NIV - New International Bible Missing Verse
RSV - Revised Standard Bible Missing Verse

For the Son of man is come to save that which was lost

MATTHEW 18:11

KJV - King James Bible Displayed as above
NIV - New International Bible Missing Verse
RSV - Revised Standard Bible Missing Verse

Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye devour widows houses, and for a pretence make long prayer: therefore ye shall receive the greater damnation

MATTHEW 23:14

KJV - King James Bible Displayed as above
NIV - New International Bible Missing Verse
RSV - Revised Standard Bible Missing Verse

Textual Criticism
Matthew 1:7-10:3 Matthew 10:25-18:15 Matthew 18:26-28:6

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