Gods & Roman Emperors

Romans are known for the great number of Gods they honored.

The Romans thought of themselves as a highly religious people, and attributed their success as a world power to their maintaining good relations with their many gods.

As the Roman Empire expanded, migrants to the capital brought with them their own religions and Gods. Christianity too was brought into the Roman empire, and it triumphed over others to became the most successful of all religions.

In 380 AD, Christianity became the official state religion of Rome.

The table below lists key Roman Emperors who reigned between 27 BC to 457 AD, with their religious convictions.

12 Roman Gods (Dii Consentes-Pagan)
753 BC - 600 AD

The Dii Consentes is a list of 12 major Roman Gods, six gods and six goddesses, in the pantheon of Ancient Rome. These were arranged into 6 Male-Female pairs:

Jupiter-Juno
Neptune-Minerva
Mars-Venus
Apollo-Diana
Vulcan-Vesta
Mercury-Ceres

Also, a Trinity of the Godhead ('Capitoline Triad') was formed: Jupiter + Juno + Minerva.

W Portico_Dii_Consentes

Forum Romanum

A number of monuments in the Forum Romanum include Temples, Basilicas, Arches and memorials dedicated to the Roman Gods.

The Porticus Deorum Consentium, an ancient structure in Rome, Italy is believed to have been built to honor the 12 major Gods of Rome. These pagan monuments were active for 1400 years, or c.753 BC to 600 AD; with a 200 year overlap with Christianity the state religion.

W Roman_Forum

W List_of_monuments_of_the_Roman_Forum

Julio-Claudians dynasty 27 BC-68 AD
1 Emperor Augustus Caesar PAGAN 27 BC-14 AD Early in his reign, Halley's Comet passed over Rome. Augustus claimed it was the spirit of Julius Caesar entering heaven. If Caesar was a god then, as his heir, Augustus was the son of a god. At his death, Augustus, the 'son of a god', was himself declared a god.
2 Emperor Tiberius PAGAN 14-37 AD In ancient Greek religion and mythology, Pan is the god of the wild, shepherds and flocks, nature of mountain wilds, rustic music and impromptus, and companion of the nymphs. He has the hindquarters, legs, and horns of a goat, in the same manner as a faun or satyr. During the reign of Tiberius, the news of Pan's death came to one Thamus. W Pan_(god)
3 Emperor Caligula PAGAN 37-41 AD Caligula reverted back to primitive Roman paganism. Caligula not only believed in it but had himself elected as a god. jewishhistory/caligula
4 Emperor Claudius PAGAN 41-54 AD
5 Emperor Nero PAGAN 54-68 AD Nero became infamous for his personal debaucheries and extravagances and, on doubtful evidence, for his burning of Rome and persecutions of Christians.
The Flavians dynasty 68-96 AD
1 Emperor Galba PAGAN 68-69 AD
2 Emperor Otho PAGAN 69-69 AD
3 Emperor Vitellius PAGAN 69-69 AD
4 Emperor Vespasian PAGAN 69-79 AD
5 Emperor Titus PAGAN 79-81 AD
6 Emperor Domitian PAGAN 81-96 AD
Nerva-Antonines dynasty 96-192 AD
1 Emperor Nerva PAGAN 96-98 AD
2 Emperor Trajan PAGAN 98-117 AD
3 Emperor Hadrian PAGAN 117-138 AD
4 Emperor Antonius Pius PAGAN 138-161 AD
5 Emperor Lucius Verus PAGAN 161-169 AD
6 Emperor Marcus Aurelius PAGAN 161-180 AD
7 Emperor Commodus PAGAN 180-192 AD
Severans ('Soldier Emperors') dynasty 193–235 AD
1 Emperor Septimius Severus PAGAN 193-211 AD
2 Emperor Caracalla PAGAN 211-217 AD
3 Emperor Macrinus PAGAN 217-218 AD
4 Emperor Elagabalus PAGAN 218-222 AD
5 Emperor Alexander Severus PAGAN 222-235 AD
Gordian dynasty 235-285 AD
1 Emperor Maximinus Thrax PAGAN 235-238 AD
2 Emperor Gordian I & II PAGAN 238-238 AD
3 Emperor Pupienus & Balbinus PAGAN 238-238 AD
4 Emperor Gordian III PAGAN 238-244 AD
5 Emperor Philip the Arab CHRISTIAN? 244-249 AD
6 Emperor Illyrian Decius PAGAN 249-251 AD
7 Emperor Trebonianus Gallus PAGAN r. 251–253 AD
8 Emperor Aemilianus PAGAN r. 253 AD
9 Emperor Valerian PAGAN 253-260 AD
10 Emperor Gallienus PAGAN 253-268 AD
11 Emperor Claudius Gothicus PAGAN r. 268–270 AD
12 Emperor Aurelian PAGAN 270-275 AD
13 Emperor Tacitus PAGAN r. 275–276 AD
14 Emperor Florianus PAGAN
15 Emperor Probus PAGAN r. 276–282 AD
16 Emperor Carus PAGAN r. 282–283 AD
17 Emperor Carinus PAGAN r. 283–284 AD
18 Emperor Numerianus PAGAN r. 283-306 AD
Tetrarchy dynasty 284-306 AD
1 Emperor Diocletian PAGAN 284-305 AD
2 Emperor Maximian PAGAN 286-305 AD Maximian was viewed by Christians as a persecutor of their religion. Maximian obediently executed in his empire the first edict of Diocletian, which ordered the burning of Scriptures and closure of churches.
3 Emperor Galerius PAGAN 305-311 AD Galerius, a staunch pagan, he persuaded the emperor to initiate the persecution of the Christians at Nicomedia in 303 AD.
5 Emperor Constantine I ('the Great') PAGAN/MITHRAS 306-337 AD All emperors who followed Constantine were Christians Successively, the power tried to control the new religion without repressive or persecutory methods. In the III century, when Christianity increased its power by gathering believers among the powerful, the "pax romana" favored the expansion of the religion. After a long period of persecution and illegalities, Constantine with the Edict in Milan (313 AD) gave official recognition to Christianity. It is written Constantine accepted Christianity on his deathbed. Rome is still the principal seat of Christianity: The Vatican is the State inside the city with today's believers exceeding 1 billion worldwide.
6 Emperor Constantius II CHRISTIAN 337-361 AD
7 Emperor Constans I CHRISTIAN (ORTHODOX) 337-350 AD Constans I was an ardent orthodox Christian, he was known as a vigorous opponent of Arianism (a doctrine that affirmed the created, finite nature of Christ) and paganism and supporter of Athanasius of Alexandria, of Trinitarian doctrine.
8 Emperor Julian 'the Apostate' PAGAN 361-363 AD Roman emperor, nephew of Constantine the Great, and noted scholar and military leader. An ardent enemy of Christianity, Julian announced his conversion to paganism, thus acquiring the title 'the Apostate'.
9 Emperor Jovian CHRISTIAN 363-364 AD As a Christian, Jovian disapproved of paganism. Magical practices were forbidden and gifts to the Churches restored.
Valentinian dynasty 364-379 AD
1 Emperor Valentinian I CHRISTIAN (MODERATE) 364-375 AD Valentian, an energetic patriot was a moderate Christian.
2 Emperor Valens ARIAN CHRISTIAN 364-378 AD Valens, Eastern Roman emperor was the younger brother of Valentinian I, who assumed the throne upon the death of the emperor Jovian in 364 AD. Valens was an Arian Christian who persecuted Catholics while interfering little with the pagans.
3 Emperor Gratian CHRISTIAN 378-379 AD
Theodosian dynasty 379-457 AD
1 Emperor Theodosius I CHRISTIAN 379-395 AD On 27 February 380, together with Gratian and Valentinian II, Theodosius issued the decree "Cunctos populos", the so-called Edict of Thessalonica. This declared the Nicene Trinitarian Christianity to be the only legitimate imperial religion and the only one entitled to call itself Catholic. In 393 AD, Theodosius ended state support for any public non-Christian, polytheist religions and customs. W Theodosius_I
2 Emperor Honorius CHRISTIAN
3 Emperor Arcadius CHRISTIAN 395-408 AD Arcadius was born in Spain in either 377 or 378. He parents were Theodosius I and Aelia Flavia Flaccilla. His younger brother Honorius, born 384, became the emperor of the western part of the Roman Empire. Arcadius portrayed himself a pious Christian emperor and concerned himself with the issues heresy and paganism by forced closure of pagan temples. Arcadius
4 Emperor Theodosius II CHRISTIAN 408-450 AD Flavius Theodosius was born in April 401, the eldest son of Aelia Eudoxia and Eastern Roman Emperor Arcadius. Theodosius' elder sister, Pulcheria influenced his life greatly, by pushing him towards Orthodox Christianity. Theodosius_II
5 Emperor Marcian CHRISTIAN 450-457 During Marcian's reign was the fourth ecumenical council assembled by Marcian at Chalcedon in 451 AD. This council upheld the orthodox Christian doctrine that Christ had two natures, divine and human, and rejected Monophysitism, which maintained that Christ had one divine nature.

CREDIT
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_ancient_Rome
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Roman_emperors
https://www.thoughtco.com/coins-of-the-12-caesars-4126834
https://www.pbs.org/empires/romans/empire/augustus_religion.html
http://www.answers.com/Q/What_was_the_Religion_of_each_Roman_Emperor
https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/roem/hd_roem.htm
https://www.britannica.com
https://orthodoxwiki.org

Share Article if you found it useful

7036 views · 5 hrs ago | Author: Guest • Updated: 29 Sep 2019

ALL ARTICLES ARE INTENDED FOR GENERAL EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. ALL INFORMATION IS BELIEVED TO BE CORRECT, ACCURATE AND TRUTHFUL. YOU ARE ADVISED TO DO YOUR OWN RESEARCH. ARTICLES ARE LIVE DOCUMENTS AND MAY BE UPDATED WITH NEW CONTENT AT ANY TIME. WHERE AVAILABLE, SOURCES AND REFERENCES ARE CREDITED. IF YOU SPOT ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS OR GIVE FEEDBACK KINDLY CONTACT US WITH DETAILS

173-roman-emperor-gods

5 Videos with 'Roman Emperor'

14:49

Christianity opposed Rome Imperialism by adopting the titles Son of God, Lord and Savior, previously reserved for Roman Emperors - Marcus Borg

JESUS

5744 views · 2 hrs ago | 7 years ago
1 of 5

8:35

In 48 BC, Roman Emperor, Julius Caeser destroyed 700,000 texts by burning the Library of Alexandria, Egypt

4732 views · 18 hrs ago | 7 years ago
2 of 5

2:01

Constantine converted to Christianity. Yet remained a blood-thirsty, violent, intolerant Roman Emperor - Doug Michael

7363 views · 17 hrs ago | 6 years ago
3 of 5

46:34

In 391 AD, Roman Emperor Theodosius outlawed Paganism and ordered destruction of pagan temples & Library of Alexandria

6499 views · 4 hrs ago | 6 years ago
4 of 5

3:53

Western 'Wailing' Wall in Jerusalem is a Herodian Temple wall built by Roman Emperor Herod - Robert Eisenman

5579 views · 15 hrs ago | 5 years ago
5 of 5

News on 'Roman'

Results: 10 News Items

Displayed in Date Order (most recent first)

1. Pontius Pilate's ring found as experts say jewellery discovered in Bethlehem may have belonged to Roman ruler - The Sun

Published: 01 Dec 2018 | 1323 views · 2 days ago

2. Romans 13, Biblical passage used to defend Slavery when separating immigrants arriving in US - Washington Post

Published: 15 Jun 2018 | 1400 views · 3 days ago

3. JESUS PROOF: Most vivid ever account of Christ unearthed from Roman historian - Express

Published: 10 Mar 2018 | 1563 views · 2 days ago

4. Testimonies from ex-Roman Catholic Priests - CARM

Published: 27 Feb 2017 | 2341 views · 17 hrs ago

5. Pope Francis says women will never be Roman Catholic priests - The Guardian

Published: 01 Nov 2016 | 2536 views · 1 day ago

6. Atheism older than Christianity or Islam, but Romans erased it from history, new study finds - National Post

Published: 16 Feb 2016 | 1539 views · 1 day ago

7. 100 US Anglican parishes convert to Roman Catholic Church - Telegraph

Published: 13 Jul 2015 | 2243 views · 29 mins ago

8. Was Jesus a Roman Hoax to Trick the Jews? - Vice

Published: 18 Oct 2013 | 1325 views · 2 days ago

9. Scholar Claims Jesus Was a Roman Hoax - Seeker

Published: 11 Oct 2013 | 1805 views · 1 day ago

10. Roman Colosseum built with loot from destruction of Jewish Temple - Telegraph

Published: 15 Jun 2001 | 1357 views · 2 days ago

Say, We believe in God and what was sent down to us, and what was sent down to Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob and the Tribes, and what was given to Moses, Jesus and all the Prophets by their Lord
Quran 2:136

Jesus said to him, 'I am the way, the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me
John 14:6

Ye have heard how I said unto you, I go away, and come again unto you. If ye loved me, ye would rejoice, because I said, I go unto the Father: for my Father is greater than I
John 14:28

Hear, O Israel: The Lord our God is one Lord
Deuteronomy 6:4

The Creator of the heavens and the earth. He has made for you mates from yourselves, and for the cattle (also) mates. By this means He creates you (in the wombs)
Quran 42:11

O people of the Scripture (Jews and Christians): Come to a word that is just between us and you, that we worship none but Allah, and that we associate no partners with Him, and that none of us shall take others as lords besides Allah
Quran 3:64

I can of mine own self do nothing: as I hear, I judge: and my judgment is just; because I seek not mine own will, but the will of the Father which hath sent me
John 5:30

Indeed, We have revealed to you, (O Muhammad), as We revealed to Noah and the prophets after him. And we revealed to Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob, the Descendants, Jesus, Job, Jonah, Aaron, and Solomon, and to David We gave the book (of Psalms)
Quran 4:163

Blessed be He Who has placed in the heaven big stars, and has placed therein a great lamp (sun), and a moon giving light. And He it is Who has put the night and the day in succession
Quran 25:61

He (Jesus) Himself stood in their midst and said to them, Peace be to you
Luke 24:36

O My servants who have transgressed against themselves, do not despair of the mercy of God. Indeed, God forgives all sins. Indeed, it is He who is the Forgiving, the Merciful
Quran 39: 53

Indeed, man is in loss, except those who have faith and do righteous deeds, and advise one another to truth and patience
Quran 103:1-3

The first of all the commandments is, Hear, O Israel; The Lord our God is one Lord
Mark 12:29

Jesus saith unto her, Touch me not; for I am not yet ascended to my Father: but go to my brethren, and say unto them, I ascend unto my Father, and your Father; and to my God, and your God
John 20:17

And about the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice, saying, Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani? that is to say, My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?
Matthew 27:46

Verily, verily, I say unto you, The servant is not greater than his lord; neither he that is sent greater than he that sent him.
John 13:16

Jesus said unto him, Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind
Matthew 22:37

By myself I can do nothing; I judge only as I hear, and my judgment is just, for I seek not to please myself but him who sent me.
John 5:30

Then answered Jesus and said unto them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, The Son can do nothing of himself, but what he seeth the Father do: for what things soever he doeth, these also doeth the Son likewise.
John 5:19

Not every one that saith unto me, Lord, Lord, shall enter into the kingdom of heaven; but he that doeth the will of my Father which is in heaven.
Matthew 7:21

Remember the former things, those of long ago; I am God, and there is no other; I am God, and there is none like me
Isaiah 49:9