How common was belief in Triune Gods, or a Three God Trinity?

Belief in a Trinity (Three Gods) was a common belief amongst Pagans, Idolators and Gentiles (non-Jews).

In order to make Christianity more appealing to the masses, Christian missionaries developed the 'Christian version' of the Trinity (Three Beings in One Person). The Trinity doctrine was 'read into' the Biblical text.

Gentiles (non-Jews) converted to Christianity, as the new religion encouraged them to continue their pagan rituals but under a new 'Triune' God, who was a more powerful God than their previous gods.

The table below lists a few 'Triune' gods who pre-date Christianity.


Trinity: 3 Gods
1/13 Zeus    Athena    Apollo 550–525 BC
The Classical Greek Olympic triad of Zeus (king of the gods), Athena (goddess of war and intelect) and Apollo (god of the sun, culture and music)
2/13 Leto    Artemis    Apollo 520–500 BC
The Delian chief triad of Leto (mother), Artemis (daughter) and Apollo (son)
3/13 Zeus    Hera    Heracles 520–400 BC
The Famous Delian triad of Athena: Zeus, Hera and Heracles
4/13 Osiris    Isis    Horus 2400–2300 BC
In ancient Egypt there were many triads, the most famous among them that of Osiris (man), Isis (wife), and Horus (son)
5/13 Amun    Mut    Khonsu 2055 BC-100 AD
Egypt: Local triads like the Theban triad of Amun, Mut and Khonsu
6/13 Ptah    Sekhmet    Nefertem ca. 3000 BC
Egypt: The Memphite triad of Ptah, Sekhmet and Nefertem
7/13 Kheper    Re-Horakhty    Atum 2055-1759 BC
Egypt: The sun-god Ra, whose form in the morning was Kheper, at noon Re-Horakhty and in the evening Atum, and many others
8/13 Jupiter    Juno    Minerva 344-211 BC
The Roman Capitoline Triad of Jupiter (father), Juno (wife), and Minerva (daughter).
9/13 Ceres    Liber Pater    Libera ca. 494 BC
The Roman plebeian triad of Ceres, Liber Pater and Libera
10/13 Demeter    Dionysus    Kore 1400-1200 BC
The Greek plebeian triad of Demeter, Dionysus and Kore
11/13 Brahma    Vishnu    Shiva 1500-300 BC
Hindu mythology: Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva (Trimurti)
12/13 Mitra    Indra    Varuna 2700-1800 BC
Early vedic Hinduism: Mitra, Indra, and Varuna
13/13 Father    Son    Holy Spirit 381 AD
Christian concept of the Trinity God, was officially accepted at the Council of Constantinople in 381 AD
Author: Guest   •   Updated: 11 Jun 2019
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