Gospels were added to NT Bible canon based on their pre-100 AD Apostolic age - Richard Bauckham
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Richard Bauckham (born 22 September 1946) is an English Anglican scholar in theology, historical theology and New Testament studies. Bauckham specialized in New Testament Christology and the Gospel of
John.
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A biblical canon or canon of scripture is a set of texts (or books) which a particular religious community regards as authoritative scripture. Most of
the canons are considered by adherents 'closed' (i.e. books cannot be added or removed), reflecting a belief that public revelation has ended and thus some person or persons can gather approved inspired texts into a complete and authoritative canon. These canons have developed through debate and agreement on the part of the religious authorities of their respective faiths and denominations. Believers consider canonical books as inspired by God or as expressive of the authoritative history of the relationship between God and his people.
The Apostolic Fathers were Christian theologians who lived in the 1st and 2nd centuries AD. They were believed to have personally known some of the
Twelve Apostles, or to have been significantly influenced by them. Their writings, though popular in Early Christianity, were ultimately not included in the canon of the New Testament once it reached its final form. Many of the writings derive from the same time period and geographical location as other works of early Christian literature that did come to be part of the New Testament, and some of the writings found among the Apostolic Fathers' seem to have been just as highly regarded as some of the writings that became the New Testament.
Gospel is the Old English translation of Greek evangelion, meaning "good news". It originally meant the Christian message itself, but in the 2nd
century it came to be used for the books in which the message was set out. The four gospels of the New Testament: Matthew, Mark, Luke and John are the main source of information on the life of Jesus.