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Last viewed: 1 hr ago
Uploaded: 04 Mar 2021 (6 years ago) · Shared: 12 Mar 2021
Duration: 45:03
Uploaded: 04 Mar 2021 (6 years ago) · Shared: 12 Mar 2021
Duration: 45:03
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Astrology and montheism have long had a complicated relationship. In this episode of Esoterica we explore the early interactions of Judaism and Islamwith astrology from the nature of the stars and planets, the role of astral forces in the Bible, Qur'an and Talmud, to the philosophical and legal interaction between astrological concepts and these two great monotheistic religions.
This episode is also a collaboration with Ms. Esmé L. K. Partridge, an undergraduate student of Religion at SOAS, University of London and an independent researcher and writer on Islamic studies, mysticism and the place of religious thought in modernity. Her latest publication on the mystical meaning of the moon according to Ibn Arabi can be found in Volume 68 of The Journal of The Muhyiddin Ibn Arabi Society, and her other essays and articles can be accessed via her website, www.esmelkpartridge.com. You can also find her on Twitter at @EsmeLKPartridge.
@13:02 it says Philo but that's actually from Josephus' The Jewish War - whoops!
Sources:
Tzvi Langermann - Hebrew Astronomy: Deep Soundings from a Rich Tradition
Malya Levin - Astrology in Rabbinic Judaism Source Sheet - https://www.sefaria.org/sheets/240083?lang=bi
Al-Kindi (9th Cent. CE), On The Proximate Agent Cause of Generation and
Corruption (Trans. Peter Adamson & Peter E. Pormann), The Philosophical Works of Al-Kindi, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 153-172
Al-Kindi (9th Cent. CE), On The Prostration of the Outermost Body (Trans.
Peter Adamson & Peter E. Pormann), The Philosophical Works of Al-Kindi, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 173-186
Al-Kindi (9th Cent. CE), On Rays, (Trans. Peter Adamson & Peter E.
Pormann), The Philosophical Works of Al-Kindi, Oxford: Oxford University
Press, pp. 217-244
Abu Ma’shar al-Balkhi, Kitab al-madkhal al-kabir ila ’ilm ahkam al-nujum
(The Great Introduction), ed. Richard Lemay, 9 vols. (Naples: Instituto
Universitario Orientale, 1995–6)
Al-Tabari (1326), Jami al-Bayan (30 vols in 12, Beirut: Dar al-Macrifa, 1992;
reprint of 1326 AH Bulaq Edition), Vol. 1
Abu Ma’shar al-Balkhi, Kitab al-madkhal al-kabir ila ’ilm ahkam al-nujum
(The Great Introduction), ed. Richard Lemay, 9 vols. (Naples: Instituto
Universitario Orientale, 1995–6)
Yahya J. Michot (2000), ‘Ibn Taymiyya On Astrology: Annotated Translation
Of Three Fatwas’ in: Journal of Islamic Studies, Volume 11, Issue 2, May
2000, pp. 147–208
John W. Livingston (1971), ‘Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah: A Fourteenth
Century Defense Against Astrological Divination and Alchemical
Transmutation’ in: Journal of the American Oriental Society, pp. 91-103
Robert G. Morrison (2009), ‘Discussions of Astrology in Early Tafsīr’ in
Journal of Qur’anic Studies, Vol. 11, No. 2, Edinburgh: Edinburgh
University Press
Teri Gee (2012), Strategies of Defending Astrology: a Continuing Tradition
(PhD Thesis, University of Toronto)
Liana Saif (2015), The Arabic Influences on Early Modern Occult
Philosophy, Palgrave
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What is Astrology?Astrology is the study of the movements and relative positions of celestial objects as a means for divining information about human affairs and terrestrial events. Astrology has been dated to at least the 2nd millennium BCE, and has its roots in calendrical systems used to predict seasonal shifts and to interpret celestial cycles as signs of divine communications. Many cultures have attached importance to astronomical events, and some - such as the Indians, Chinese, and Maya - developed elaborate systems for predicting terrestrial events from celestial observations. Western astrology, one of the oldest astrological systems still in use, can trace its roots to 19th-17th century BCE Mesopotamia, from which it spread to Ancient Greece, Rome, the Arab world and eventually Central and Western Europe. Contemporary Western astrology is often associated with systems of horoscopes that purport to explain aspects of a person's personality and predict significant events in their lives based on the positions of celestial objects; the majority of professional astrologers rely on such systems.
What is Judaism?Judaism encompasses the religion, philosophy, culture and way of life of the Jewish people. Judaism is a monotheistic religion, with the Torah as its foundational text (part of the larger text known as the Tanakh or Hebrew Bible), and supplemental oral tradition represented by later texts such as the Midrash and the Talmud. Judaism is considered by religious Jews to be the expression of the covenantal relationship that God established with the Children of Israel. Judaism includes a wide corpus of texts, practices, theological positions, and forms of organization. Within Judaism there are a variety of movements, most of which emerged from Rabbinic Judaism, which holds that God revealed his laws and commandments to Moses on Mount Sinai in the form of both the Written and Oral Torah. The Jews are an ethnoreligious group and include those born Jewish and converts to Judaism. In 2012, the world Jewish population was estimated at about 14 million, or roughly 0.2% of the total world population. About 42% of all Jews reside in Israel and about 42% reside in the United States and Canada, with most of the remainder living in Europe.
What is Islam?One of the major religions of the world, Islam literally translates to "submission," as a follower of Islam (Muslims) devotes their life to that of their God. The religion began with the teachings of Muhammad in the 7th century. The theology of Islam is based on the Qur'an, which was given to Muhammad by God. Some of the major fundamental principles of Islam include the Five Pillars, which hope to unite all Muslims into a community. Two different factions of Muslims exist - the majority are known as Sunni, with a small percentage known as Shi'a - both predominantly reside throughout the Middle East. Muhammad died in 632 AD and the religion of Islam formally started after his death. The Quran was formally compiled and finalised in 650 AD, prior to which it was 'memorised' and written across many parchments.
