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Uploaded: 28 Sep 2018 (8 years ago) · Shared: 06 Oct 2018
Duration: 10:52
Uploaded: 28 Sep 2018 (8 years ago) · Shared: 06 Oct 2018
Duration: 10:52
Youtube Description
Nearly 700 years ago, it was just common knowledge that Moses wrote the Torah. Everyone studying the Bible knew it. Moses wrote every word of the bookand scribes had passed it down perfectly. Even as far back as the first century, Josephus claims in Against Apion that 'there is no discrepancy in what is written' when referring to the Jewish Canon. There were, after all, plenty of places in the Torah in which Moses can be seen writing and many more places that refer to the 'book of the law of Moses.' Eventually, however, problems began to arise and this perfect view of a Torah written by Moses would soon fall apart. So today we will be exploring the claim that Moses wrote the Torah.
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Sources:
James Dunn, John Rogerson - Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible
Richard Elliott Friedman - Who Wrote The Bible?
John D. Hannah - Exodus
Abraham Ibn Ezra - Commentary of Abraham Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch
Mark McEntire - Struggling with God: An Introduction to the Pentateuch
Lee Martin McDonald - The Biblical Canon
https://www.mesacc.edu/~thoqh49081/handouts/torahclues.html
Note: I do not accept Wellhausen's original hypothesis primarily because of his dating method, but I find the Documentary Hypothesis and source criticism to be the most useful baseline in figuring out the evolution of the Torah.
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What is JEDP Theory?Julius Wellhausen's (1844-1918) 19th century classic, the Graf-Wellhausen Hypothesis ("JEDP Theory") explored the tradition of assigning Torah authorship to Moses. Wellhausen's work proved very influential. He was able to correlate the development of the Torah with Israelite and Jewish history. This hypothesis became later known as the Documentary Hypothesis. The documentary hypothesis (DH) is one of three models used to explain the origins of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible or Torah. All three models agree the Torah is not a unified work from a single author (traditionally Moses) but is made up of sources combined over many centuries by many writers. Modern scholars increasingly see the completed Torah as a product of the time of the Achaemenid Empire (probably 450-350 BC), although some would place its production in the Hellenistic period (333-164 BC) or even the Hasmonean dynasty (140-37 BC).
What is the Torah?Torah, "Instruction", "Teaching" or "Law" has a range of meanings. Common to all these meanings, Torah consists of the origin of Jewish peoplehood: their call into being by God, their trials and tribulations, and their covenant with their God, which involves following a way of life embodied in a set of moral and religious obligations and civil laws. In rabbinic literature the word Torah denotes both the five books "Torah that is written" and the Oral Torah "Torah that is spoken". The Oral Torah consists of interpretations and amplifications which according to rabbinic tradition have been handed down from generation to generation and are now embodied in the Talmud and Midrash. According to rabbinic tradition, all of the teachings found in the Torah, both written and oral, were given by God through the prophet Moses, some at Mount Sinai and others at the Tabernacle, and all the teachings were written down by Moses, which resulted in the Torah that exists today. The majority of Biblical scholars believe the written books were a product of the Babylonian captivity (c. 600 BCE), based on earlier written and oral traditions, which could only have arisen from separate communities within ancient Israel, and that it was completed by the period of Achaemenid rule (c. 400 BCE).
