Importance of Camels in Biblical Archaeology - InspiringPhilosophy

Does Genesis blunder when it mentions the patriarchs owned camels? Many experts say camels were not domesticated in the Levant until the Iron age. However, we challenged that claim with historical and archaeological evidence. A special thanks to scholar Mark Chavalas who helped write this video script.

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Sources:

The Introduction of Domestic Camels to the Southern Levant:
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1179/033443513X13753505864089

Monophyletic Origin of Domestic Bactrian Camel (Camelus Bactrianus) and Its Evolutionary Relationship with the
Extant Wild Camel (Camelus Bactrianus Ferus:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19292708

The Camel (Camelus Dromedarius): A Bibliographical Review:
https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=XF8280021

The dromedary: ancestry, history of domestication and medical treatment in early historic times: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9451759/

Camel Hybridization and the Role of Camelus Bactrianus in the Ancient Near East: https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/25165032.pdf

Sweeter than Camel’s Milk: The Camel in Sumerian, the Bactrian Camel in Genesis?
https://biblelandsreview.files.wordpress.com/2014/05/horowitz-bler-2014-s3.pdf

Studies in the Bible, Ancient Near Eastern Literature, and Postbiblical Judaism Presented to Shalom M. Paul on
the Occasion of his Seventieth Birthday: https://www.eisenbrauns.org/books/titles/978-1-57506-145-0.html

Henri Frankfort et al, The Gimilsin Temple and the Palace of the Rulers at Tell Asmar:
https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.283684

Exploring the Longue durée: Essays
in Honor of Lawrence E. Stager - J. David Schleon

Love Songs in Sumerian Literature: Critical Edition of the Dumuzi-Inanna Songs - Y. Sefati

Biblical Views: Did Abraham Ride a Camel? https://www.baslibrary.org/biblical-archaeology-review/44/6/11

A Cylinder Seal with a Camel in the Walters Art Gallery: https://www.jstor.org/stable/20168942

Ration Lists from Alalakh VII: https://www.jstor.org/stable/1359566?seq=1

The Domesticated Camel in the Second Millennium: Evidence from Alalakh and Ugarit: https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.2307/1355647

The Camel in Dynastic Egypt: https://www.jstor.org/stable/3821718?read-now=1&seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents

The Camel in Dynastic Egypt: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/030751338507100113

On the Reliability of the Old Testament - Kenneth Kitchen

Biblical Archaeology. Famous Discoveries That Support the Reliability of the Bible - David E. Graves

The Stones and the Scriptures - Y. Yamauchi

#Genesis #History #Egypt