THE QURAN - Exploring Authorship, Chronology, Textual Variants, Transmission, Manuscripts, Authenticity, Muhammad and more | Gabriel Reynolds

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Uploaded: 10 Jul 2026 (1 month ago) · Shared: 27 Jul 2026

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Please help us continue having these discussions by supporting us over on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/c/SolomonSmith Who wrote the Quran? Did it flow directly from God? Did Muhammad compose it?

Did several authors compose it over several centuries? Does it have the characteristics of a dictated text, or a written text? How simple or complicated is the story of the Quran's origins?

In this episode, Jack and Milo are joined by Islamic studies scholar Gabriel Said Reynolds to explore one of the most controversial questions in Islamic Studies.

The conversation examines the traditional Islamic account of the Quran alongside modern academic perspectives. Reynolds argues that the evidence may point toward a more complex process of composition than is commonly assumed, challenging the long-standing Western, secular scholarly consensus that Muhammad himself was the sole human author.

Topics include:

• Who wrote the Quran?
• Did Muhammad write the Quran?
• The traditional Islamic narrative of revelation
• Academic theories of Quranic authorship
• How the Quran was compiled and transmitted
• Why the Quran is arranged by surah length rather than chronology
• The relationship between the Quran, the Torah, and the Gospel
• The emergence of Classical Arabic
• The literary qualities and inimitability (i'jaz) of the Quran
• Early Islamic history
• Historical-critical approaches to the Quran
• Western scholarship on the origins of Islam

If you enjoy long-form conversations on religion, philosophy, history, and literature, consider subscribing for more discussions with scholars.

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EXPLORE TOPICS : MANUSCRIPT | 36 THE QURAN | 303 GABRIEL REYNOLDS | 16 EXPLORING QURAN BIBLE | 4

MUHAMMAD

Overview & Key Concepts

Who is Gabriel Reynolds?

Gabriel Reynolds is an American academic and historian of religion who serves as professor of Islamic Studies and Theology at the University of Notre

Dame. His scholarship focuses on World Religions and World Church, History of Christianity, Quranic Studies, Islamic Origins, and Muslim-Christian relations. Gabriel Said Reynolds obtained his PhD in Islamic Studies at Yale University.<br><br>The 'Exploring the Quran and the Bible' Youtube channel is dedicated to thoughtful, cutting-edge, and respectful conversations with leading scholars worldwide on the Bible or the Quran.

What is Manuscript?

A manuscript was, traditionally, any document written by hand. Once practical typewriters became available, typewritten as opposed to being

mechanically printed or reproduced in some indirect or automated way.

What is The Quran?

Quran, literally meaning "the recitation" is the central religious text of Islam, which Muslims believe to be a revelation from God (Allah). It is

widely regarded as the finest work in classical Arabic literature. The Quran is divided into chapters (surah in Arabic), which are then divided into verses (ayah). Muslims believe that the Quran was verbally revealed by God to Muhammad through the angel Gabriel (Jibril), gradually over a period of approximately 23 years, beginning on 22 December 609 CE, when Muhammad was 40, and concluding in 632, the year of his death. Muslims regard the Quran as the most important miracle of Muhammad, a proof of his prophethood, and the culmination of a series of divine messages that started with the messages revealed to Adam and ended with Muhammad.

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Say, We believe in God and what was sent down to us, and what was sent down to Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob and the Tribes, and what was given to Moses, Jesus and all the Prophets by their Lord
Quran 2:136

Jesus said to him, 'I am the way, the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me
John 14:6

Ye have heard how I said unto you, I go away, and come again unto you. If ye loved me, ye would rejoice, because I said, I go unto the Father: for my Father is greater than I
John 14:28

Hear, O Israel: The Lord our God is one Lord
Deuteronomy 6:4

The Creator of the heavens and the earth. He has made for you mates from yourselves, and for the cattle (also) mates. By this means He creates you (in the wombs)
Quran 42:11

O people of the Scripture (Jews and Christians): Come to a word that is just between us and you, that we worship none but Allah, and that we associate no partners with Him, and that none of us shall take others as lords besides Allah
Quran 3:64

I can of mine own self do nothing: as I hear, I judge: and my judgment is just; because I seek not mine own will, but the will of the Father which hath sent me
John 5:30

Indeed, We have revealed to you, (O Muhammad), as We revealed to Noah and the prophets after him. And we revealed to Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob, the Descendants, Jesus, Job, Jonah, Aaron, and Solomon, and to David We gave the book (of Psalms)
Quran 4:163

Blessed be He Who has placed in the heaven big stars, and has placed therein a great lamp (sun), and a moon giving light. And He it is Who has put the night and the day in succession
Quran 25:61

He (Jesus) Himself stood in their midst and said to them, Peace be to you
Luke 24:36

O My servants who have transgressed against themselves, do not despair of the mercy of God. Indeed, God forgives all sins. Indeed, it is He who is the Forgiving, the Merciful
Quran 39: 53

Indeed, man is in loss, except those who have faith and do righteous deeds, and advise one another to truth and patience
Quran 103:1-3

The first of all the commandments is, Hear, O Israel; The Lord our God is one Lord
Mark 12:29

Jesus saith unto her, Touch me not; for I am not yet ascended to my Father: but go to my brethren, and say unto them, I ascend unto my Father, and your Father; and to my God, and your God
John 20:17

And about the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice, saying, Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani? that is to say, My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?
Matthew 27:46

Verily, verily, I say unto you, The servant is not greater than his lord; neither he that is sent greater than he that sent him.
John 13:16

Jesus said unto him, Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind
Matthew 22:37

By myself I can do nothing; I judge only as I hear, and my judgment is just, for I seek not to please myself but him who sent me.
John 5:30

Then answered Jesus and said unto them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, The Son can do nothing of himself, but what he seeth the Father do: for what things soever he doeth, these also doeth the Son likewise.
John 5:19

Not every one that saith unto me, Lord, Lord, shall enter into the kingdom of heaven; but he that doeth the will of my Father which is in heaven.
Matthew 7:21

Remember the former things, those of long ago; I am God, and there is no other; I am God, and there is none like me
Isaiah 49:9

MuslimProphets.com is an educational website on the Prophets of God: David, Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus and Muhammad, who established the Abrahamic faiths of Judaism, Christianity and Islam. MuslimProphets.com explores contemporary social themes through Scripture, Evidences, Photo, Video, Maps, Current Affairs, Debate and 'alternative' Views held by Theologians, Apologists, Scholars and Street Preachers. Take a Site Tour

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	Torah 5 BOOKS
	Psalms 1 BOOK
	Old Testament 32 BOOKS
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	Apocrypha 1885 14 BOOKS
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	Codex 120 BOOKS
	Quran 1 BOOK
	Hadith 10 BOOKS

THE QURAN - Exploring Authorship, Chronology, Textual Variants, Transmission, Manuscripts, Authenticity, Muhammad and more | Gabriel Reynolds

Video Description (from Youtube)

Overview & Key Concepts

Who is Gabriel Reynolds?

What is Manuscript?

What is The Quran?

Videos on Uniterianism (0)

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