'Textual fluidity' in Mashhad Codex (790 AD), Early Quran manuscript

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Uploaded: 11 Jun 2026 (2 months ago) · Shared: 22 Jun 2026

Video Description (from Youtube)

Dr Dan Brubaker breaks down the extensive issues with the Mashhad codex, demonstrating its extensive later interventions, such as: erased text, overwriting in a different script, added folios, and

re-binding, meaning what we see now is not the pristine original production.

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EXPLORE TOPICS : MANUSCRIPT | 36 CODEX | 14 EARLY QURAN | 6 DANIEL BRUBAKER | 2

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Explore Topics: Codex, Early Quran, Daniel Brubaker (3)

What is Codex? A codex is a book constructed of a number of sheets of paper, vellum, papyrus, or similar materials. The term is now usually only used of manuscript books, with hand-written contents, but describes the format that is now near-universal for printed books in the Western world.
What is Early Quran? Early Quran refers to the initial transmission, oral recitation, and textual compilation of the Islamic holy text. This compilation was during the lifetime of the Prophet Muhammad and the immediate decades following his death in 632 AD.
Who is Daniel Brubaker? Daniel Brubaker is a postdoctoral researcher studying early Quran manuscripts. He considers these as material objects and witnesses to the text and its community in the time of Muhammad and the earliest centuries following his death. Brubaker's doctoral dissertation centered on scribal corrections in Quran manuscripts of the first three Hijri centuries. He received his PhD from Rice University in 2014.

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EXPLORE TOPICS : MANUSCRIPT | 36 CODEX | 14 EARLY QURAN | 6 DANIEL BRUBAKER | 2

Say, We believe in God and what was sent down to us, and what was sent down to Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob and the Tribes, and what was given to Moses, Jesus and all the Prophets by their Lord
Quran 2:136

Jesus said to him, 'I am the way, the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me
John 14:6

Ye have heard how I said unto you, I go away, and come again unto you. If ye loved me, ye would rejoice, because I said, I go unto the Father: for my Father is greater than I
John 14:28

Hear, O Israel: The Lord our God is one Lord
Deuteronomy 6:4

The Creator of the heavens and the earth. He has made for you mates from yourselves, and for the cattle (also) mates. By this means He creates you (in the wombs)
Quran 42:11

O people of the Scripture (Jews and Christians): Come to a word that is just between us and you, that we worship none but Allah, and that we associate no partners with Him, and that none of us shall take others as lords besides Allah
Quran 3:64

I can of mine own self do nothing: as I hear, I judge: and my judgment is just; because I seek not mine own will, but the will of the Father which hath sent me
John 5:30

Indeed, We have revealed to you, (O Muhammad), as We revealed to Noah and the prophets after him. And we revealed to Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob, the Descendants, Jesus, Job, Jonah, Aaron, and Solomon, and to David We gave the book (of Psalms)
Quran 4:163

Blessed be He Who has placed in the heaven big stars, and has placed therein a great lamp (sun), and a moon giving light. And He it is Who has put the night and the day in succession
Quran 25:61

He (Jesus) Himself stood in their midst and said to them, Peace be to you
Luke 24:36

O My servants who have transgressed against themselves, do not despair of the mercy of God. Indeed, God forgives all sins. Indeed, it is He who is the Forgiving, the Merciful
Quran 39: 53

Indeed, man is in loss, except those who have faith and do righteous deeds, and advise one another to truth and patience
Quran 103:1-3

The first of all the commandments is, Hear, O Israel; The Lord our God is one Lord
Mark 12:29

Jesus saith unto her, Touch me not; for I am not yet ascended to my Father: but go to my brethren, and say unto them, I ascend unto my Father, and your Father; and to my God, and your God
John 20:17

And about the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice, saying, Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani? that is to say, My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?
Matthew 27:46

Verily, verily, I say unto you, The servant is not greater than his lord; neither he that is sent greater than he that sent him.
John 13:16

Jesus said unto him, Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind
Matthew 22:37

By myself I can do nothing; I judge only as I hear, and my judgment is just, for I seek not to please myself but him who sent me.
John 5:30

Then answered Jesus and said unto them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, The Son can do nothing of himself, but what he seeth the Father do: for what things soever he doeth, these also doeth the Son likewise.
John 5:19

Not every one that saith unto me, Lord, Lord, shall enter into the kingdom of heaven; but he that doeth the will of my Father which is in heaven.
Matthew 7:21

Remember the former things, those of long ago; I am God, and there is no other; I am God, and there is none like me
Isaiah 49:9

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'Textual fluidity' in Mashhad Codex (790 AD), Early Quran manuscript | Daniel Brubaker

Video Description (from Youtube)

Explore Topics: Codex, Early Quran, Daniel Brubaker (3)

What is Codex?

What is Early Quran?

Who is Daniel Brubaker?

News on Codex, Early Quran, Daniel Brubaker (1)

Articles on Codex, Early Quran, Daniel Brubaker (4)

FAQ on Codex, Early Quran, Daniel Brubaker (1)

Youtube Videos on Codex, Early Quran, Daniel Brubaker (13)

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