| Ishmael in Judaism |
| Ishmael is acknowledged as the first son of Abraham and the half-brother of Isaac. While Jewish scripture notes he was blessed by God to become a great nation, Isaac, rather than Ishmael, is recognized as the heir to the divine covenant. |
| Ishmael in Christianity |
| Ishmael is recognized in the biblical narrative as Abraham's firstborn son through Hagar. Christians view him as the progenitor of the Arab nations, fulfilling God's promise to make him a great nation despite Isaac inheriting the primary covenant. |
| Ishmael in Islam |
| Ishmael holds a highly prominent position as a noble prophet and messenger of Allah. Islamic tradition considers him the ancestor of the Arab people and the Prophet Muhammad, and teaches that he assisted his father, Abraham, in building the Kaaba in Mecca. |
| Torah 5 BOOKS | |
| Psalms 1 BOOK | |
| Old Testament 32 BOOKS | |
| New Testament 27 BOOKS | |
| Apocrypha 1885 14 BOOKS | |
| Gospels/Texts 367 BOOKS | |
| Codex 120 BOOKS | |
| Quran 1 BOOK | |
| Hadith 10 BOOKS |