north of the border, down from 854,000 in 1984.
The research also revealed that 42% of churchgoers were aged over 65.
One leading cleric said the findings presented a "crisis and an opportunity" for Christians in Scotland.
The statistics were revealed in the results of 2016 Scottish Church Census, external, which was recently published by Brierley Consultancy.
Other key findings include:
7.2% of Scotland's population regularly attend church, down from 17% in 1984;
The number of congregations dropped from 4,100 in 1984 to 3,700 in 2016;
40% of churchgoers are male;
Four-fifths of church leaders (79%) are male, with an average age of 57;
43% of leaders are responsible for more than one [...]