Who was Celsus?

CELSUS 

Celsus was a 2nd-century Greek philosopher and opponent of early Christianity.

He is known for his literary work, On The True Doctrine (or Discourse, Account), which survives exclusively in quotations from it in Contra Celsum, a refutation written in 248 by Origen of Alexandria. On The True Doctrine is the earliest known comprehensive criticism of Christianity. It was written c. 175 to 177, shortly after the death of Justin Martyr (who was possibly the first Christian apologist), and was probably a response to his work.

FAQ on Celsus (1)

1.What happened to Christians who questioned their creed?

Once Catholicism became the official state religion of the Roman Empire in the 4th century, it became highly dangerous to question or deviate from imperial doctrinal definitions. Imperial authorities enforced a strict monopoly on thought by carrying out systematic book burnings, completely destroying the philosophical refutations written by early critics like Celsus and Porphyry. As a result, modern academic knowledge of these ancient counter-arguments is limited to surviving snippets quoted inside the church's own refutation books.

  • Porphyry (3rd century philosopher) wrote a 15-volume refutation of Christianity, the gospels and resurrection
  • Celsus (2nd century philosopher) rejected the impossible concept of the resurrection
The imperialistic power of the church, and its stranglehold on intellectual endeavours was such that the above books and many more perished in the pious book burnings in the 4th century. Today, our knowledge of these books is limited and known through the refutation books which had to quote the destroyed books.

Once Christianity was established as the state religion, it became dangerous, as a subject of Rome, to question the doctrinal version of events.


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