Cryptocurrency is a decentralized digital or virtual currency secured by cryptography, making it nearly impossible to counterfeit. It operates on a distributed ledger called a blockchain, which is a network of computers that records and verifies transactions without the need for a central authority like a bank or government.
A spot cryptocurrency ETF (Exchange-Traded Fund) is a publicly traded investment fund that directly buys and holds the underlying cryptocurrency (such as Bitcoin or Ethereum). It allows traditional investors to buy shares of the fund on a standard stock exchange, gaining direct price exposure to the cryptocurrency without having to manage digital wallets, cryptographic keys, or crypto exchanges.
In most jurisdictions, cryptocurrency is treated as property for tax purposes, meaning transactions trigger capital gains tax. You incur a taxable event whenever you sell crypto for fiat currency, trade one cryptocurrency for another, spend crypto to buy goods or services, or receive crypto as income (which is taxed at ordinary income rates).
A crypto coin is a cryptocurrency that operates natively on its own independent blockchain, such as Bitcoin (BTC) or Ethereum (ETH). A crypto token is a digital asset built on top of an existing blockchain network using smart contracts, such as ERC-20 tokens running on the Ethereum network or stablecoins like USDT and USDC.
A stablecoin is a type of cryptocurrency whose value is pegged to another asset, typically a fiat currency like the US Dollar or a commodity like gold. Investors use stablecoins to guard against the extreme volatility of the crypto market, safely lock in profits, and quickly move funds between different digital assets without converting back to traditional bank fiat.
Introduction to Bitcoin & Cryptocurrency - Mike Maloney
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| 1. Facebook plans to launch 'GlobalCoin' cryptocurrency in 2020 | BBC News |