Scripture: Revelation 18

Chapter:
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And after these things I saw another angel come down from heaven, having great power; and the earth was lightened with his glory.

REVELATION 18:1

And he cried mightily with a strong voice, saying, Babylon the great is fallen, is fallen, and is become the habitation of devils, and the hold of every foul spirit, and a cage of every unclean and hateful bird.

REVELATION 18:2

For all nations have drunk of the wine of the wrath of her fornication, and the kings of the earth have committed fornication with her, and the merchants of the earth are waxed rich through the abundance of her delicacies.

REVELATION 18:3

And I heard another voice from heaven, saying, Come out of her, my people, that ye be not partakers of her sins, and that ye receive not of her plagues.

REVELATION 18:4

For her sins have reached unto heaven, and God hath remembered her iniquities.

REVELATION 18:5

Reward her even as she rewarded you, and double unto her double according to her works: in the cup which she hath filled fill to her double.

REVELATION 18:6

How much she hath glorified herself, and lived deliciously, so much torment and sorrow give her: for she saith in her heart, I sit a queen, and am no widow, and shall see no sorrow.

REVELATION 18:7

Therefore shall her plagues come in one day, death, and mourning, and famine; and she shall be utterly burned with fire: for strong is the Lord God who judgeth her.

REVELATION 18:8

And the kings of the earth, who have committed fornication and lived deliciously with her, shall bewail her, and lament for her, when they shall see the smoke of her burning,

REVELATION 18:9

Standing afar off for the fear of her torment, saying, Alas, alas that great city Babylon, that mighty city! for in one hour is thy judgment come.

REVELATION 18:10

And the merchants of the earth shall weep and mourn over her; for no man buyeth their merchandise any more:

REVELATION 18:11

The merchandise of gold, and silver, and precious stones, and of pearls, and fine linen, and purple, and silk, and scarlet, and all thyine wood, and all manner vessels of ivory, and all manner vessels of most precious wood, and of brass, and iron, and marble,

REVELATION 18:12

And cinnamon, and odours, and ointments, and frankincense, and wine, and oil, and fine flour, and wheat, and beasts, and sheep, and horses, and chariots, and slaves, and souls of men.

REVELATION 18:13

And the fruits that thy soul lusted after are departed from thee, and all things which were dainty and goodly are departed from thee, and thou shalt find them no more at all.

REVELATION 18:14

The merchants of these things, which were made rich by her, shall stand afar off for the fear of her torment, weeping and wailing,

REVELATION 18:15

And saying, Alas, alas, that great city, that was clothed in fine linen, and purple, and scarlet, and decked with gold, and precious stones, and pearls!

REVELATION 18:16

For in one hour so great riches is come to nought. And every shipmaster, and all the company in ships, and sailors, and as many as trade by sea, stood afar off,

REVELATION 18:17

And cried when they saw the smoke of her burning, saying, What city is like unto this great city!

REVELATION 18:18

And they cast dust on their heads, and cried, weeping and wailing, saying, Alas, alas, that great city, wherein were made rich all that had ships in the sea by reason of her costliness! for in one hour is she made desolate.

REVELATION 18:19

Rejoice over her, thou heaven, and ye holy apostles and prophets; for God hath avenged you on her.

REVELATION 18:20

And a mighty angel took up a stone like a great millstone, and cast it into the sea, saying, Thus with violence shall that great city Babylon be thrown down, and shall be found no more at all.

REVELATION 18:21

And the voice of harpers, and musicians, and of pipers, and trumpeters, shall be heard no more at all in thee; and no craftsman, of whatsoever craft he be, shall be found any more in thee; and the sound of a millstone shall be heard no more at all in thee;

REVELATION 18:22

And the light of a candle shall shine no more at all in thee; and the voice of the bridegroom and of the bride shall be heard no more at all in thee: for thy merchants were the great men of the earth; for by thy sorceries were all nations deceived.

REVELATION 18:23

And in her was found the blood of prophets, and of saints, and of all that were slain upon the earth.

REVELATION 18:24

Chapter:
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IMPORTANT: All Scripture text has context and background. Scripture should never be read literally or in isolation. Always seek clarification from religious scholars and teachers. In general, Scripture adheres to four principles: (1) Literal Meaning - What the Scripture says (2) Historical Setting - The story events; how the Scripture was understood in its time (3) Grammar - The surrounding sentence and paragraph; textual context (4) Synthesis - A comparison with similar Scripture to give a better contextual understanding

Revelation 18
CHURCH FATHERS: 17

1. Clement of Rome | CHURCH FATHER 97 AD

| Wikipedia: Pope_Clement_I

Revelation was REJECTED (0%) by Clement of Rome
(No mention; no quotes; opinion unknown)

2. Ignatius of Antioch | CHURCH FATHER 110 AD

| Wikipedia: Ignatius_of_Antioch

Revelation was REJECTED (0%) by Ignatius of Antioch
(No mention; no quotes; opinion unknown)

3. Barnabas | CHURCH FATHER 130 AD

| Wikipedia: Barnabas

Revelation was REJECTED (0%) by Barnabas
(No mention; no quotes; opinion unknown)

4. Hermas | CHURCH FATHER 140 AD

| Wikipedia: Hermas_(freedman)

Revelation was APPROVED (75%) by Hermas
(Citation; approving quotation; alluded to; acceptable with changes)

5. Papias of Hierapolis | CHURCH FATHER 140 AD

| Wikipedia: Papias_of_Hierapolis

Revelation was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Papias of Hierapolis
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

6. Polycarp | CHURCH FATHER 150 AD

| Wikipedia: Polycarp

Revelation was REJECTED (0%) by Polycarp
(No mention; no quotes; opinion unknown)

7. Didache | CHURCH FATHER 150 AD

| Wikipedia: Didache

Revelation was APPROVED (75%) by Didache
(Citation; approving quotation; alluded to; acceptable with changes)

8. Diognetus | CHURCH FATHER 150 AD

| Wikipedia: Epistle_to_Diognetus

Revelation was REJECTED (0%) by Diognetus
(No mention; no quotes; opinion unknown)

9. Justin Martyr | CHURCH FATHER 155 AD

| Wikipedia: Justin_Martyr

Revelation was APPROVED (75%) by Justin Martyr
(Citation; approving quotation; alluded to; acceptable with changes)

10. Irenaeous | CHURCH FATHER 202 AD

| Wikipedia: Irenaeus

Revelation was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Irenaeous
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

11. Clement of Alexandria | CHURCH FATHER 215 AD

| Wikipedia: Clement_of_Alexandria

Revelation was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Clement of Alexandria
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

12. Tertullian | CHURCH FATHER 220 AD

| Wikipedia: Tertullian

Revelation was APPROVED (75%) by Tertullian
(Citation; approving quotation; alluded to; acceptable with changes)

13. Origen | CHURCH FATHER 254 AD

| Wikipedia: Origen

Revelation was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Origen
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

14. Eusebius of Caesarea | CHURCH FATHER 340 AD

| Wikipedia: Eusebius

Revelation was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Eusebius of Caesarea
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

15. Athanasius of Alexandria | CHURCH FATHER 367 AD

| Wikipedia: Athanasius_of_Alexandria

Revelation was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Athanasius of Alexandria
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

16. Cyril of Jerusalem | CHURCH FATHER 386 AD

| Wikipedia: Cyril_of_Jerusalem

Revelation was REJECTED (0%) by Cyril of Jerusalem
(No mention; no quotes; opinion unknown)

17. Augustine of Hippo | CHURCH FATHER 400 AD

| Wikipedia: Augustine of Hippo

Revelation was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Augustine of Hippo
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

Revelation 18
BIBLE CANON: 5

A biblical canon is a set of texts (or "books") which a particular religious community regards as authoritative scripture. Christians were the first to use the term in reference to scripture.

These bible canons have developed through debate and agreement by the religious authorities.

| Wikipedia: Biblical_canon

1. Marcion Canon | BIBLE CANON 140 AD
Marcionism was a religious movement based on the teachings of the 2nd-century Marcion of Sinope. Marcions Canon lists 14 books out of the 27 books in the New Testament. More specifically, these were Luke and Paul's 13 writings. Marcion even rejected the entire Old Testament of 39 books.

bible.ca/marcion

| Wikipedia: Marcion_of_Sinope

Revelation was REJECTED (0%) by Marcion Canon
(No mention; no quotes; opinion unknown)

2. Muratorian Canon | BIBLE CANON 170 AD
The Muratorian Canon is an ancient list of New Testament books - the oldest such list we have found and lists 22 of the 27 books that were later included in the New Testament of the Christian Bible.

It is noteworthy that the Muratorian Canon omits several epistles that later did win acceptance in the Christian New Testament such as the books of James and 2 Peter.

gotquestions.org/muratorian

| Wikipedia: Muratorian_fragment

Revelation was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Muratorian Canon
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

3. Apostolic Canon | BIBLE CANON 300 AD
Apostolic Canons or Ecclesiastical Canons

| Wikipedia: Canons_of_the_Apostles

Revelation was REJECTED (0%) by Apostolic Canon
(No mention; no quotes; opinion unknown)

4. Cheltenham/ Mommsen List | BIBLE CANON 360 AD
The Cheltenham or Mommsen List is a Latin manuscript discovered by the German classical scholar Theodor Mommsen (published 1886) which probably originated in North Africa in the 4th century.

It has 24-book Old Testament and 24-book New Testament which omits Jude and James, and perhaps Hebrews, and questions the epistles of John and Peter.

bible-researcher.com/cheltenham

| Wikipedia: Theodor_Mommsen

Revelation was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Cheltenham/ Mommsen List
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

5. Council of Rome | BIBLE CANON 382 AD
The Council of Rome was a meeting of Catholic Church officials and theologians which took place in 382 under the authority of Pope Damasus I, bishop of Rome.

According to a document appended to some manuscripts, the Council of Rome affirmed the authority of the Old and New Testament canon in a decretal or damasine list.

| Wikipedia: Council_of_Rome

Revelation was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Council of Rome
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

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