Ecclesiastes 3:19-20 states that a person has no preeminence over a beast and all go to one place in the dust, whereas Matthew 25:46 and Revelation 20:10-15 outline an active post-mortem framework of eternal misery or eternal life. Traditional harmonization routes the earthly observation of biological death to bodily decay while holding the soul distinct, while critical scholarship identifies a massive historical shift from early Sheol monism to late dualistic apocalypticism.