The practice of Saturday worship is the defining feature of the denomination. Adventists observe the Sabbath on the seventh day of the week (Saturday), tracking it from Friday sunset to Saturday sunset. They believe that the Saturday Sabbath is a perpetual, unchangeable commandment established by God at Creation and encoded in the Ten Commandments, arguing that the historical shift to Sunday worship was a human tradition rather than a biblical directive.
Adventists share core Protestant beliefs such as salvation by grace through faith, the Trinity, and the authority of the Bible. Also, they hold unique doctrines:
* The Second Coming: The literal, audible, and visible return of Jesus Christ in the near future.
* The State of the Dead: The belief that the dead are in an unconscious sleep state until the resurrection, rejecting the concept of an immediately immortal soul or an eternally burning hell.
* The Sanctuary Doctrine: The belief that Jesus entered a phase of 'Investigative Judgment' in the heavenly sanctuary in 1844 to review the lives of humanity.
Ellen G. White was a co-founder of the church and a highly prolific author whom Seventh-day Adventists revere as a modern-day prophet. The church teaches that she possessed the biblical spiritual 'gift of prophecy'. While Adventists maintain that the Bible is the sole standard of faith and practice, her extensive writings on theology, education, lifestyle, and health are viewed as divinely inspired guidance that helped shape and unify the church's direction.
Seventh-day Adventists are globally recognized for their emphasis on health, viewing the human body as a holy temple. Their health message encourages:
• Clean and Unclean Meats: Strictly adhering to biblical dietary laws (Leviticus 11) meaning they completely abstain from pork, shellfish and scavengers.
• Vegetarianism: The church strongly advocates for a well-balanced plant-based diet. A high percentage of members are vegetarian or vegan.
• Abstinence: Total avoidance of alcohol, tobacco, recreational drugs, and often mind-altering substances like caffeine.
Adventists reject the traditional idea of an immediately separate soul going to heaven or hell at death. Instead, they believe in 'soul sleep'. When a person dies, they remain completely unconscious in the grave until Christ's return. Furthermore, they believe in annihilationism rather than eternal torment. They teach that the wicked will be completely consumed and destroyed by fire at the final judgment, ceasing to exist forever, which they view as a reflection of a loving God.
The Seventh-day Adventist Church operates one of the largest Protestant parochial school and healthcare networks in the world. To fulfill their global mission of physical and spiritual healing, the church runs thousands of primary schools, universities (such as Andrews University and Loma Linda University), and hundreds of hospitals, clinics, and sanitariums worldwide, alongside the global disaster relief agency ADRA (Adventist Development and Relief Agency).