Codex Sinaiticus is the earliest complete New Testament manuscript. It is dated to 312 years after Jesus' Crucifixion.
The original, handwritten 27 books of the New Testament most likely disappeared within a few decades after being written. We are left with thousands of manuscripts, papyri and handwritten copies in many different languages.
The earliest complete copy of the New Testament is found in the Codex Sinaiticus which dates to 330-360 AD, or 345 AD median year. As Jesus was crucified in 33 AD,
Christianity is left with a gap of 312 years in its scriptural evidences.
NOTE: Earlier Biblical Manuscripts than the Codex Sinaiticus are available (i.e. papyrus P52), but these are incomplete, fragmentary, and only have a few words or verses of the originals.
1. MARK 180-312 YEAR GAP 1
DATING |
% |
Mid |
Traditional: 65-75 AD 2 |
0% (not available) |
70 AD |
Papyrus: P45 (Egypt) 250 AD 4 |
x% (y words, parchment) |
250 AD
(180 yr gap) |
Manuscript: Codex Sinaiticus (Egypt) 330-360 AD 3 |
100% |
345 AD
(275 yr gap) |
1 GAP is number of years from Jesus' Crucifixion to earliest Papyrus and complete Manuscript. For simplicity, median year is displayed in place of year range
2 TRADITIONAL dating is widely acknowledged by Christians
3 MANUSCRIPT is earliest complete copy of text
4 PAPYRUS is earliest fragment of text (i.e. few words, verses)
2. MATTHEW 88-312 YEAR GAP
DATING |
Traditional: 75-100 AD |
Manuscript: Codex Sinaiticus (Egypt) 330-360 AD |
Papyrus: P104 (Egypt) 150-200 AD |
3. LUKE 113-312 YEAR GAP
DATING |
Traditional: 75-100 AD |
Manuscript: Codex Sinaiticus (Egypt) 330-360 AD |
Papyrus: P4 (Egypt) 150-200 AD |
4. JOHN 100-312 YEAR GAP
DATING |
Traditional: 90-110 AD |
Manuscript: Codex Sinaiticus (Egypt) 330-360 AD |
Papyrus: P52 (Egypt) 200 AD |
5. ACTS 165-312 YEAR GAP
DATING |
Traditional: 80-90 AD |
Manuscript: Codex Sinaiticus (Egypt) 330-360 AD |
Papyrus: 0189 200 AD |
6. ROMANS 143-312 YEAR GAP
DATING |
Traditional: 56-58 AD |
Manuscript: Codex Sinaiticus (Egypt) 330-360 AD |
Papyrus: P46 175-225 AD |
7. 1 CORINTHIANS 145-312 YEAR GAP
DATING |
Traditional: 50-60 AD |
Manuscript: Codex Sinaiticus (Egypt) 330-360 AD |
Papyrus: P46 175-225 AD |
8. 2 CORINTHIANS 144-312 YEAR GAP
DATING |
Traditional: 55-57 AD |
Manuscript: Codex Sinaiticus (Egypt) 330-360 AD |
Papyrus: P46 175-225 AD |
9. GALATIANS 149-312 YEAR GAP
DATING |
Traditional: 48-55 AD |
Manuscript: Codex Sinaiticus (Egypt) 330-360 AD |
Papyrus: P46 175-225 AD |
10. EPHESIANS 113-312 YEAR GAP
DATING |
Traditional: 80-95 AD |
Manuscript: Codex Sinaiticus (Egypt) 330-360 AD |
Papyrus: P46 175-225 AD |
11. PHILIPPIANS 145-312 YEAR GAP
DATING |
Traditional: 50-60 AD |
Manuscript: Codex Sinaiticus (Egypt) 330-360 AD |
Papyrus: P46 175-225 AD |
12. COLOSSIANS 113-312 YEAR GAP
DATING |
Traditional: 80-95 AD |
Manuscript: Codex Sinaiticus (Egypt) 330-360 AD |
Papyrus: P46 175-225 AD |
13. 1 THESSALONIANS 145-312 YEAR GAP
DATING |
Traditional: 50-60 AD |
Manuscript: Codex Sinaiticus (Egypt) 330-360 AD |
Papyrus: P46 175-225 AD |
14. 2 THESSALONIANS 213-312 YEAR GAP
DATING |
Traditional: 80-95 AD |
Manuscript: Codex Sinaiticus (Egypt) 330-360 AD |
Papyrus: P92 (Egypt) 300 AD |
15. 1 TIMOTHY 138-312 YEAR GAP
DATING |
Traditional: 62 AD |
Manuscript: Codex Sinaiticus (Egypt) 330-360 AD |
Papyrus: P32 (Egypt) 100-300 AD |
16. 2 TIMOTHY 133-312 YEAR GAP
DATING |
Traditional: 67 AD |
Manuscript: Codex Sinaiticus (Egypt) 330-360 AD |
Papyrus: P32 (Egypt) 100-300 AD |
17. TITUS 138-312 YEAR GAP
DATING |
Traditional: 62 AD |
Manuscript: Codex Sinaiticus (Egypt) 330-360 AD |
Papyrus: P32 (Egypt) 100-300 AD |
18. PHILEMON 195-312 YEAR GAP
DATING |
Traditional: 50-60 AD |
Manuscript: Codex Sinaiticus (Egypt) 330-360 AD |
Papyrus: P87 250 AD |
19. HEBREWS 120-312 YEAR GAP
DATING |
Traditional: 70-90 AD |
Manuscript: Codex Sinaiticus (Egypt) 330-360 AD |
Papyrus: P46 175-225 AD |
20. JAMES 160-312 YEAR GAP
DATING |
Traditional: 90-140 AD |
Manuscript: Codex Sinaiticus (Egypt) 330-360 AD |
Papyrus: P20 (Egypt) 250-300 AD |
21. 1 PETER 208-312 YEAR GAP
DATING |
Traditional: 90-95 AD |
Manuscript: Codex Sinaiticus (Egypt) 330-360 AD |
Papyrus: P72 250-350 AD |
22. 2 PETER 163-312 YEAR GAP
DATING |
Traditional: 125-150 AD |
Manuscript: Codex Sinaiticus (Egypt) 330-360 AD |
Papyrus: P72 250-350 AD |
23. 1 JOHN 175-312 YEAR GAP
DATING |
Traditional: 90-110 AD |
Manuscript: Codex Sinaiticus (Egypt) 330-360 AD |
Papyrus: P9 (Egypt) 250-300 AD |
24. 2 JOHN 250-312 YEAR GAP
DATING |
Traditional: 90-110 AD |
Manuscript: Codex Sinaiticus (Egypt) 330-360 AD |
Papyrus: - |
25. 3 JOHN 250-312 YEAR GAP
DATING |
Traditional: 90-110 AD |
Manuscript: Codex Sinaiticus (Egypt) 330-360 AD |
Papyrus: - |
26. JUDE 185-312 YEAR GAP
DATING |
Traditional: 90-140 AD |
Manuscript: Codex Sinaiticus (Egypt) 330-360 AD |
Papyrus: P72 250-350 AD |
27. REVELATION 83-312 YEAR GAP
DATING |
Traditional: 90-95 AD |
Manuscript: Codex Sinaiticus (Egypt) 330-360 AD |
Papyrus: P98 150-200 AD |
QURAN0 YEAR GAP
The Birmingham Quran manuscript is a parchment on which two leaves of an early Quranic manuscript are written. In 2015 the manuscript, which is held in the UK by the University of Birmingham, was radiocarbon dated to between 568 and 645 AD with 95.4% accuracy.
The test was carried out in a laboratory at the University of Oxford. The result places the leaves close to the time of the Prophet Muhammad, who is generally thought to have lived between 570 and 632 AD.
The tests carried out on the parchment of the Birmingham folios yield the strong probability that
the animal from which it was taken was alive during the lifetime of the Prophet Muhammad or shortly afterwards.
These portions must have been in a form that is very close to the form of the Quran read today, supporting the view that the
[Quran] text has undergone little or no alteration and that it can be dated to a point very close to the time it was believed to be revealed.
David Thomas, Professor of Christianity and Islam. University of Birmingham
Birmingham University
CREDIT
https://www.biblequery.org/ntmss.html
https://library.duke.edu/rubenstein/scriptorium/papyrus/texts/manuscripts.html
http://www.codexsinaiticus.org/en/
https://callingchristians.com/2017/04/05/a-brief-insight-into-the-new-testaments-prototyping
https://www.birmingham.ac.uk/news/latest/2015/07/quran-manuscript-22-07-15.aspx
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birmingham_Quran_manuscript
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dating_the_Bible
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Updated: 11 Jun 2019 |
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